DrugBank ID:

DB06764

Description:

Tetryzoline, also known as tetrahydrozoline, is a derivative of imidazoline with central and peripheral alpha (α)-adrenergic properties.Available since the 1950s, tetryzoline is a selective α-receptor agonistthat is used as an ocular and nasal decongestant. Tetryzoline is found in a wide array of over-the-counter eye drops, including the most common brand, Visine.Tetryzoline is also found in combination products with other lubricants and anti-irritants, such aspovidone,polyethylene glycol 400,dextran, andzinc sulfate.It is also used in combination with other drug classes, such as antihistamines, corticosteroids, and glucocorticoids in other countries. Tetryzoline is also found in nasal spray under the trade name Tyzine, which is used for decongestion of nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosa.As it causes profound sedation in children and adults, tetryzoline is increasingly becoming scrutinized for possible drug overdose and toxicity from accidental ingestion.It has also been misused for non-therapeutic purposes as a causative drug for several cases of drug-facilitated sexual assault. [DrugBank]

Targets:

Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (Humans); Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (Humans) [DrugBank]

Pharmacodynamics:

Tetryzoline is a sympathomimetic amine and an alpha-adrenergic agonist with vasoconstricting and decongestant properties. It works by constricting the smaller arterioles of the nasal passages 13 and conjunctival blood vessels to ameliorate allergic rhinitis, nasal congestion, and ocular irritation.3 Tetryzoline is known to cross the blood-brain barrier to work on alpha-2 adrenoceptors and imidazole receptors,3 causing effects like hypotension, bradycardia, analgesia, hypothermia, sedation, and hypnosis.3 [DrugBank]

SMILES:

c1ccc2c(c1)CCCC2C1=NCCN1

2D structures:  

3D structures: